Political and advocacy groups in
the United States, Asia, and Europe are facing challenges about globalization
and are rallying the public toward consensus. They are trying to convince
citizens that globalization is just not a game between rich and poor but a
network between countries who are gearing for a fair-trade of products and
services. The amalgamations of this ideologue have two sides. First, this
trading of goods and services does not mean that it is fair. Second, what is
good for one country may not be good for the other countries, for instance,
here in the United States, white color jobs have been outsourced since the
1980s and there is still an inequality of production and allocation of goods
and services.
Manufacturing have lost more
than 7 million jobs and economist believe that manufacturing has shrunk from a
high 29 percent of the GDP in 1950 to the lows 11 percent of the GDP today. The
outsourcing of manufacturing jobs took place because developing nations such as
India and China are attracting companies due to low wages and low cost of
manufacturing goods. This international exchange of goods and services is
called Economic Globalization. There are two types of globalization from which
I will focus my attention; political globalization and economic globalization.
In the past,
many notable authors, such as George Ritzer, Thomas Friedman, Peter Dicken,
David Harvey, and Mauro F. Guillen, have written accounts of the political and
economic globalization, often providing in-depth arguments on tactics, designs,
and deployment. People around the world are well connected than ever before. International travel is more
frequent and international communication is speedy than anything else. Globalization
is an economic tidal wave that is sweeping over the world. It cannot be
stopped, and there are winners and losers in this game.
The winners will control the rules of the game, they will grow
richer, while the losers will grow poorer, and they will try everything
possible to resist because to them, globalization is not a fair game and it is
against humanity. Some experts even think that globalization is also leading to the
incursion of communicable diseases. Deadly diseases such as Ebola, SARS, and HIV/AIDS
are being spread by travelers to the remotest corners of the globe. The
recipient countries are the losers in this sense.
“The
general complaint about globalization is that it has made the rich richer while
making the non-rich poorer. It is wonderful for managers and investors, but
hell on workers and nature.” That, multinational corporations are a cause of
social injustice, unfair working conditions (including slave labor wages and
poor living and working conditions), as well as a lack of concern for the
environment, mismanagement of natural resources, and ecological
damage. Multinational corporations which were previously restricted to
commercial activities are increasingly influencing political decisions. Many
think there is a threat of corporations ruling the world because they are
gaining power due to globalization.
Claims:
1. International
regimes are ideals that set international structures for their interest. For
instance, International Monetary Fund (IMF) set rules and guidance for which Third
World countries to operate which in turn create dependency and the accumulation
of debt owed to international banks. For example, external
debt today poses one of the biggest barriers to the development for many of the
worlds less developed countries (Follow
the Greece Bailout Plan).
2. Opponents
say globalization makes it easier for rich companies to act with less
accountability.
3. They
also claim that countries’ individual cultures are becoming overpowered by
Americanization, Europeanization, and Asian in Nature. Anti-globalists also
claim that globalization is not working for the majority of the world. During
the most recent period of rapid growth in global trade and investment, 1960 to
2015, inequality worsened both internationally and within countries.
4. The
UN Development Program reports that the richest 20 percent of the world's
population consume 86 percent of the world's resources, while the poorest 80
percent consume just 14 percent.
5. That,
globalization has led to exploitation of labor. Prisoners and child workers are
used to work in inhumane conditions. Safety standards are ignored to produce
cheap goods. There is also an increase in human trafficking. Social welfare
schemes or “safety nets” are under great pressure in developed countries because
of deficits and other economic ramifications of globalization.
6.
That, an outbreak of disease in a
remote area is felt at over 10,000 miles away with short time interval.
Political globalization is
the politics of the rich who control the output and input of information and
productivity. They use technology to engulf the whole world with the philosophy
and desire with which they think is the best to manage the world affairs and
resources.
To conclude, Moghadam, V.M., feminist analyst define political
globalization as an
increasing trend toward multilateralism (in which the United Nations plays a
key role), toward an emerging ‘transnational state apparatus,’ and toward the
emergence of national and international non-governmental organizations that act
as watchdogs over governments and have increased their activities and
influence”. These watchdogs have memberships, dues, and benefits. They have
developed laws, rules, and constitutions as they penetrate deep even into the
global village. Because they control and dictate the wealth of major nations,
majority of the world poor are left with no options and are lured to adopt this
brand of globalization.
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